In 19th century Manila, a cadre of Filipino women challenged tradition and broke the boundaries of domestic life. Beyond the kitchen walls and household duties, these women became resilient contributors to the city's dynamic landscape, defying the widely held belief that their jobs were limited to household duties. 

The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) recently shared a Facebook post highlighting the different jobs Filipino women had in the 1800s.

This captivating journey through time reveals the experiences of these significant women and demonstrates the enduring truth that women have always been important foundations of the country's labor force.

These are the extraordinary jobs you didn’t know women did in that era:

1. Aguadora

Women known as “aguadoras” transported large clay jars filled with water from distant, cleaner sources such as the Marikina River. Due to the lack of potable water in Manila's rivers and esteros and the restricted supply from the Carriedo Waterworks (which was only created in 1882), these women traveled to nearby towns to get water. They returned the water-filled jars, known as tinajas, to the city for family use or sold them for profit. This distinctive image of ladies roaming the streets with tinajas on their heads became a symbol of Manila, capturing the attention of travelers and foreigners, and resulting in portrayals in travelogues, postcards, and journals.

2. Buyera

During the 19th century, buyo (betel leaf) and nganga (a combination of betel leaf, lime, and betel nut) plays a crucial role in Philippine society. Aside from its medical benefits, betel leaf chewing was a popular hobby among Filipinos. Visitors regarded it disrespectful not to have a box of nganga at home. Buyo was considered sacred in several groups across the country and Southeast Asia, and it was included in religious activities.

The high demand for buyo led to the emergence of “buyeras,” or betel leaf peddlers. These sellers, stationed along the pavements, spend their days skillfully creating nganga by wrapping betel nut and lime in betel leaf. The buyera's knowledge was crucial, as the proper proportions separated a good nganga from a bitter one. Handmade with unique styles, certain buyeras even had signature creations such as buyos del castillo, ojo de maya, and caving caving.

3. Lechera

Rumors spread that the milk was blended with ammonia, rice water, or coconut to explain the expense, which became a famous joke in an 1882 comedy play. Could this sarcasm be the source of the phrase "leche" as a swear word, a way to call someone out for fraud?

4. Cigarrera

Today, a new generation is carrying on the torch that those significant women lit centuries ago. 

Filipino women continue to break down barriers, challenge stereotypes, and thrive in a variety of fields, making major contributions to the country's progress.

As we witness the successes of Filipino women today, from leadership positions to groundbreaking ideas, it is clear that the Philippines is a model of progress in gender inclusivity. The country has embraced the strength, resilience, and skills of its women, creating an environment in which they not only shine but also lead with excellence in a variety of disciplines. 

This dedication to equality is not just a narrative of the past; it is a living testament to the continued progress towards a future in which every Filipino woman's potential is recognized, appreciated, and encouraged. 

As we celebrate these victories, let us also recognize the collective effort to create a more inclusive, progressive, and empowered Philippines for everyone. (GLDG/PIA-NCR)

Source: NHCP Facebook page